Curr Biol：大部分注意力可有效缓解疼痛感

据悉，刊登在国际上有名时尚杂志Cell的子刊Current Biology上的一篇学术近期指出，利用心理妨碍（偏偏）的方法可以使得咳嗽大大降低，然而这种咳嗽更为严重大大降低的波动并不表现在头部。这项学术研究发现是基于使用高分辨率的骨髓机能性MRI成像新技术（fMRI新技术），对人们由于高温引发的咳嗽高度进行时学术研究，学术研究概述，心理妨碍确实可以在中不会枢咳嗽处理早期抑制咳嗽回波的广泛传播。来自阿姆斯特丹-埃彭多夫大学医学院的学术研究者Christian Sprenger表示，这种情况并不仅仅是一种心理情况，而是一种活跃的神经有助于，可以提高从神经纤维回升至中枢神经系统高级区域的咳嗽回波。

这种波动相关到了内源性的化学物质，这种物质产生自中枢神经系统，在大大降低咳嗽的反复中不会起着不可或缺片中不会。学术研究人员让与不会者分别进行时一个单纯或者一个较难的记忆性目标，无需他们记住信件的注解内容，同时给与不会者胳膊上施以高温。进行时较难目标的与不会者越发心烦意乱时，他们不会倍感较小的咳嗽，通过fMRI新技术反映出这些与不会者的神经纤维区域活性越发比较低，fMRI并不一定是用来测中枢神经系统活性的相反。

Sprenger和他的同事然后重复了测试，这次他们获得与不会者一种用药-钠洛酮（抗休克的难得用药，可以阻拦类用药的波动）或者普通的盐水流进，结果显示，相对来说只流进普通盐水的与不会者，使用类用药糖皮质激素的与不会者由于注意力分散，引发的咳嗽更为严重提高了40%，因此表明内源性的起着不可或缺主导作用。

学术研究者的发现概述了正向可以深入地相反人们的咳嗽历程，并且对于医学也有极其不可或缺的含义。学术研究者表示，我们的学术研究发现给咳嗽疾病治疗获取了认知道德上治疗的方法。（生物谷：T.Shen程式码）

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.04.006PMC:PMID:

Attention Modulates Spinal Cord Responses to Pain

Christian Sprenger1, , , Falk Eippert1, Jürgen Finsterbusch1, Ulrike Bingel1, 2, Michael Rose1, Christian Büchel1

Reduced pain perception while being distracted from pain is an everyday example of how cognitive processes can interfere with pain perception [ [1], [2], [3], [4] and [5]]. Previous neuroimaging studies showed distraction-related modulations of pain-driven activations in various cortical and subcortical brain regions [ [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] and [11]], but the precise neuronal mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unclear. Using high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging of the human cervical spinal cord in combination with thermal pain stimulation and a well-established working memory task [12], we demonstrate that this phenomenon relies on an inhibition of incoming pain signals in the spinal cord. Neuronal responses to painful stimulation in the dorsal horn of the corresponding spinal segment were significantly reduced under high working memory load compared to low working memory load. At the individual level, reductions of neuronal responses in the spinal cord predicted behioral pain reductions. In a subsequent behioral experiment, using the opioid antagonist naloxone in a double-blind crossover design with the same paradigm, we demonstrate a substantial contribution of endogenous opioids to this mechanism. Taken together, our results show that the reduced pain experience during mental distraction is related to a spinal process and involves opioid neurotransmission.